diff --git a/python/vyos/qos/base.py b/python/vyos/qos/base.py
index 4173a1a43..87927ba9d 100644
--- a/python/vyos/qos/base.py
+++ b/python/vyos/qos/base.py
@@ -1,434 +1,435 @@
 # Copyright 2022-2024 VyOS maintainers and contributors <maintainers@vyos.io>
 #
 # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 #
 # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 # Lesser General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 # License along with this library.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 import os
 import jmespath
 
 from vyos.base import Warning
 from vyos.utils.process import cmd
 from vyos.utils.dict import dict_search
 from vyos.utils.file import read_file
 
 from vyos.utils.network import get_protocol_by_name
 
 
 class QoSBase:
     _debug = False
     _direction = ['egress']
     _parent = 0xffff
     _dsfields = {
         "default": 0x0,
         "lowdelay": 0x10,
         "throughput": 0x08,
         "reliability": 0x04,
         "mincost": 0x02,
         "priority": 0x20,
         "immediate": 0x40,
         "flash": 0x60,
         "flash-override": 0x80,
         "critical": 0x0A,
         "internet": 0xC0,
         "network": 0xE0,
         "AF11": 0x28,
         "AF12": 0x30,
         "AF13": 0x38,
         "AF21": 0x48,
         "AF22": 0x50,
         "AF23": 0x58,
         "AF31": 0x68,
         "AF32": 0x70,
         "AF33": 0x78,
         "AF41": 0x88,
         "AF42": 0x90,
         "AF43": 0x98,
         "CS1": 0x20,
         "CS2": 0x40,
         "CS3": 0x60,
         "CS4": 0x80,
         "CS5": 0xA0,
         "CS6": 0xC0,
         "CS7": 0xE0,
         "EF": 0xB8
     }
     qostype = None
 
     def __init__(self, interface):
         if os.path.exists('/tmp/vyos.qos.debug'):
             self._debug = True
         self._interface = interface
 
     def _cmd(self, command):
         if self._debug:
             print(f'DEBUG/QoS: {command}')
         return cmd(command)
 
     def get_direction(self) -> list:
         return self._direction
 
     def _get_class_max_id(self, config) -> int:
         if 'class' in config:
             tmp = list(config['class'].keys())
             tmp.sort(key=lambda ii: int(ii))
             return tmp[-1]
         return None
 
     def _get_dsfield(self, value):
         if value in self._dsfields:
             return self._dsfields[value]
         else:
             return value
 
-    def _calc_random_detect_queue_params(self, avg_pkt, max_thr, limit=None, min_thr=None, mark_probability=None):
+    def _calc_random_detect_queue_params(self, avg_pkt, max_thr, limit=None, min_thr=None,
+                                         mark_probability=None, precedence=0):
         params = dict()
         avg_pkt = int(avg_pkt)
         max_thr = int(max_thr)
         mark_probability = int(mark_probability)
         limit = int(limit) if limit else 4 * max_thr
-        min_thr = int(min_thr) if min_thr else (9 * max_thr) // 18
+        min_thr = int(min_thr) if min_thr else ((9 + precedence) * max_thr) // 18
 
         params['avg_pkt'] = avg_pkt
         params['limit'] = limit * avg_pkt
         params['min_val'] = min_thr * avg_pkt
         params['max_val'] = max_thr * avg_pkt
         params['burst'] = (2 * min_thr + max_thr) // 3
         params['probability'] = 1 / mark_probability
 
         return params
 
     def _build_base_qdisc(self, config : dict, cls_id : int):
         """
         Add/replace qdisc for every class (also default is a class). This is
         a genetic method which need an implementation "per" queue-type.
 
         This matches the old mapping as defined in Perl here:
         https://github.com/vyos/vyatta-cfg-qos/blob/equuleus/lib/Vyatta/Qos/ShaperClass.pm#L223-L229
         """
         queue_type = dict_search('queue_type', config)
         default_tc = f'tc qdisc replace dev {self._interface} parent {self._parent}:{cls_id:x}'
 
         if queue_type == 'priority':
             handle = 0x4000 + cls_id
             default_tc += f' handle {handle:x}: prio'
             self._cmd(default_tc)
 
             queue_limit = dict_search('queue_limit', config)
             for ii in range(1, 4):
                 tmp = f'tc qdisc replace dev {self._interface} parent {handle:x}:{ii:x} pfifo'
                 if queue_limit: tmp += f' limit {queue_limit}'
                 self._cmd(tmp)
 
         elif queue_type == 'fair-queue':
             default_tc += f' sfq'
 
             tmp = dict_search('queue_limit', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' limit {tmp}'
 
             self._cmd(default_tc)
 
         elif queue_type == 'fq-codel':
             default_tc += f' fq_codel'
             tmp = dict_search('codel_quantum', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' quantum {tmp}'
 
             tmp = dict_search('flows', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' flows {tmp}'
 
             tmp = dict_search('interval', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' interval {tmp}ms'
 
             tmp = dict_search('queue_limit', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' limit {tmp}'
 
             tmp = dict_search('target', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' target {tmp}ms'
 
             default_tc += f' noecn'
 
             self._cmd(default_tc)
 
         elif queue_type == 'random-detect':
             default_tc += f' red'
 
             qparams = self._calc_random_detect_queue_params(
                 avg_pkt=dict_search('average_packet', config),
                 max_thr=dict_search('maximum_threshold', config),
                 limit=dict_search('queue_limit', config),
                 min_thr=dict_search('minimum_threshold', config),
                 mark_probability=dict_search('mark_probability', config)
             )
 
             default_tc += f' limit {qparams["limit"]} avpkt {qparams["avg_pkt"]}'
             default_tc += f' max {qparams["max_val"]} min {qparams["min_val"]}'
             default_tc += f' burst {qparams["burst"]} probability {qparams["probability"]}'
 
             self._cmd(default_tc)
 
         elif queue_type == 'drop-tail':
             default_tc += f' pfifo'
 
             tmp = dict_search('queue_limit', config)
             if tmp: default_tc += f' limit {tmp}'
 
             self._cmd(default_tc)
 
     def _rate_convert(self, rate) -> int:
         rates = {
             'bit'   : 1,
             'kbit'  : 1000,
             'mbit'  : 1000000,
             'gbit'  : 1000000000,
             'tbit'  : 1000000000000,
         }
 
         if rate == 'auto' or rate.endswith('%'):
             speed = 1000
             default_speed = speed
             # Not all interfaces have valid entries in the speed file. PPPoE
             # interfaces have the appropriate speed file, but you can not read it:
             # cat: /sys/class/net/pppoe7/speed: Invalid argument
             try:
                 speed = read_file(f'/sys/class/net/{self._interface}/speed')
                 if not speed.isnumeric():
                     Warning('Interface speed cannot be determined (assuming 1000 Mbit/s)')
                 if int(speed) < 1:
                     speed = default_speed
                 if rate.endswith('%'):
                     percent = rate.rstrip('%')
                     speed = int(speed) * int(percent) // 100
             except:
                 pass
 
             return int(speed) *1000000 # convert to MBit/s
 
         rate_numeric = int(''.join([n for n in rate if n.isdigit()]))
         rate_scale   = ''.join([n for n in rate if not n.isdigit()])
 
         if int(rate_numeric) <= 0:
             raise ValueError(f'{rate_numeric} is not a valid bandwidth <= 0')
 
         if rate_scale:
             return int(rate_numeric * rates[rate_scale])
         else:
             # No suffix implies Kbps just as Cisco IOS
             return int(rate_numeric * 1000)
 
     def update(self, config, direction, priority=None):
         """ method must be called from derived class after it has completed qdisc setup """
         if self._debug:
             import pprint
             pprint.pprint(config)
 
         if 'class' in config:
             for cls, cls_config in config['class'].items():
                 self._build_base_qdisc(cls_config, int(cls))
 
                 # every match criteria has it's tc instance
                 filter_cmd_base = f'tc filter add dev {self._interface} parent {self._parent:x}:'
 
                 if priority:
                     filter_cmd_base += f' prio {cls}'
                 elif 'priority' in cls_config:
                     prio = cls_config['priority']
                     filter_cmd_base += f' prio {prio}'
 
                 filter_cmd_base += ' protocol all'
 
                 if 'match' in cls_config:
                     is_filtered = False
                     for index, (match, match_config) in enumerate(cls_config['match'].items(), start=1):
                         filter_cmd = filter_cmd_base
                         if self.qostype == 'shaper' and 'prio ' not in filter_cmd:
                             filter_cmd += f' prio {index}'
                         if 'mark' in match_config:
                             mark = match_config['mark']
                             filter_cmd += f' handle {mark} fw'
                         if 'vif' in match_config:
                             vif = match_config['vif']
                             filter_cmd += f' basic match "meta(vlan mask 0xfff eq {vif})"'
 
                         for af in ['ip', 'ipv6']:
                             tc_af = af
                             if af == 'ipv6':
                                 tc_af = 'ip6'
 
                             if af in match_config:
                                 filter_cmd += ' u32'
 
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.source.address', match_config)
                                 if tmp: filter_cmd += f' match {tc_af} src {tmp}'
 
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.source.port', match_config)
                                 if tmp: filter_cmd += f' match {tc_af} sport {tmp} 0xffff'
 
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.destination.address', match_config)
                                 if tmp: filter_cmd += f' match {tc_af} dst {tmp}'
 
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.destination.port', match_config)
                                 if tmp: filter_cmd += f' match {tc_af} dport {tmp} 0xffff'
 
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.protocol', match_config)
                                 if tmp:
                                     tmp = get_protocol_by_name(tmp)
                                     filter_cmd += f' match {tc_af} protocol {tmp} 0xff'
 
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.dscp', match_config)
                                 if tmp:
                                     tmp = self._get_dsfield(tmp)
                                     if af == 'ip':
                                         filter_cmd += f' match {tc_af} dsfield {tmp} 0xff'
                                     elif af == 'ipv6':
                                         filter_cmd += f' match u16 {tmp} 0x0ff0 at 0'
 
                                 # Will match against total length of an IPv4 packet and
                                 # payload length of an IPv6 packet.
                                 #
                                 # IPv4 : match u16 0x0000 ~MAXLEN at 2
                                 # IPv6 : match u16 0x0000 ~MAXLEN at 4
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.max_length', match_config)
                                 if tmp:
                                     # We need the 16 bit two's complement of the maximum
                                     # packet length
                                     tmp = hex(0xffff & ~int(tmp))
 
                                     if af == 'ip':
                                         filter_cmd += f' match u16 0x0000 {tmp} at 2'
                                     elif af == 'ipv6':
                                         filter_cmd += f' match u16 0x0000 {tmp} at 4'
 
                                 # We match against specific TCP flags - we assume the IPv4
                                 # header length is 20 bytes and assume the IPv6 packet is
                                 # not using extension headers (hence a ip header length of 40 bytes)
                                 # TCP Flags are set on byte 13 of the TCP header.
                                 # IPv4 : match u8 X X at 33
                                 # IPv6 : match u8 X X at 53
                                 # with X = 0x02 for SYN and X = 0x10 for ACK
                                 tmp = dict_search(f'{af}.tcp', match_config)
                                 if tmp:
                                     mask = 0
                                     if 'ack' in tmp:
                                         mask |= 0x10
                                     if 'syn' in tmp:
                                         mask |= 0x02
                                     mask = hex(mask)
 
                                     if af == 'ip':
                                         filter_cmd += f' match u8 {mask} {mask} at 33'
                                     elif af == 'ipv6':
                                         filter_cmd += f' match u8 {mask} {mask} at 53'
 
                                 cls = int(cls)
                                 filter_cmd += f' flowid {self._parent:x}:{cls:x}'
                                 self._cmd(filter_cmd)
                                 is_filtered = True
 
                     vlan_expression = "match.*.vif"
                     match_vlan = jmespath.search(vlan_expression, cls_config)
 
                     if any(tmp in ['exceed', 'bandwidth', 'burst'] for tmp in cls_config) \
                         and is_filtered:
                         # For "vif" "basic match" is used instead of "action police" T5961
                         if not match_vlan:
                             filter_cmd += f' action police'
 
                             if 'exceed' in cls_config:
                                 action = cls_config['exceed']
                                 filter_cmd += f' conform-exceed {action}'
                             if 'not_exceed' in cls_config:
                                 action = cls_config['not_exceed']
                                 filter_cmd += f'/{action}'
 
                             if 'bandwidth' in cls_config:
                                 rate = self._rate_convert(cls_config['bandwidth'])
                                 filter_cmd += f' rate {rate}'
 
                             if 'burst' in cls_config:
                                 burst = cls_config['burst']
                                 filter_cmd += f' burst {burst}'
 
                             if 'mtu' in cls_config:
                                 mtu = cls_config['mtu']
                                 filter_cmd += f' mtu {mtu}'
 
                         cls = int(cls)
                         filter_cmd += f' flowid {self._parent:x}:{cls:x}'
                         self._cmd(filter_cmd)
 
                 # The police block allows limiting of the byte or packet rate of
                 # traffic matched by the filter it is attached to.
                 # https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/tc-police.8.html
 
                 # T5295: We do not handle rate via tc filter directly,
                 # but rather set the tc filter to direct traffic to the correct tc class flow.
                 #
                 # if any(tmp in ['exceed', 'bandwidth', 'burst'] for tmp in cls_config):
                 #     filter_cmd += f' action police'
                 #
                 # if 'exceed' in cls_config:
                 #     action = cls_config['exceed']
                 #     filter_cmd += f' conform-exceed {action}'
                 #     if 'not_exceed' in cls_config:
                 #         action = cls_config['not_exceed']
                 #         filter_cmd += f'/{action}'
                 #
                 # if 'bandwidth' in cls_config:
                 #     rate = self._rate_convert(cls_config['bandwidth'])
                 #     filter_cmd += f' rate {rate}'
                 #
                 # if 'burst' in cls_config:
                 #     burst = cls_config['burst']
                 #     filter_cmd += f' burst {burst}'
 
         if 'default' in config:
             default_cls_id = 1
             if 'class' in config:
                 class_id_max = self._get_class_max_id(config)
                 default_cls_id = int(class_id_max) +1
             self._build_base_qdisc(config['default'], default_cls_id)
 
         if self.qostype == 'limiter':
             if 'default' in config:
                 filter_cmd = f'tc filter replace dev {self._interface} parent {self._parent:x}: '
                 filter_cmd += 'prio 255 protocol all basic'
 
                 # The police block allows limiting of the byte or packet rate of
                 # traffic matched by the filter it is attached to.
                 # https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/tc-police.8.html
                 if any(tmp in ['exceed', 'bandwidth', 'burst'] for tmp in
                        config['default']):
                     filter_cmd += f' action police'
 
                 if 'exceed' in config['default']:
                     action = config['default']['exceed']
                     filter_cmd += f' conform-exceed {action}'
                     if 'not_exceed' in config['default']:
                         action = config['default']['not_exceed']
                         filter_cmd += f'/{action}'
 
                 if 'bandwidth' in config['default']:
                     rate = self._rate_convert(config['default']['bandwidth'])
                     filter_cmd += f' rate {rate}'
 
                 if 'burst' in config['default']:
                     burst = config['default']['burst']
                     filter_cmd += f' burst {burst}'
 
                 if 'mtu' in config['default']:
                     mtu = config['default']['mtu']
                     filter_cmd += f' mtu {mtu}'
 
                 if 'class' in config:
                     filter_cmd += f' flowid {self._parent:x}:{default_cls_id:x}'
 
                 self._cmd(filter_cmd)
diff --git a/python/vyos/qos/randomdetect.py b/python/vyos/qos/randomdetect.py
index d7d84260f..a3a39da36 100644
--- a/python/vyos/qos/randomdetect.py
+++ b/python/vyos/qos/randomdetect.py
@@ -1,54 +1,46 @@
 # Copyright 2022 VyOS maintainers and contributors <maintainers@vyos.io>
 #
 # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 #
 # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 # Lesser General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 # License along with this library.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 from vyos.qos.base import QoSBase
 
 class RandomDetect(QoSBase):
     _parent = 1
 
     # https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/tc.8.html
     def update(self, config, direction):
 
-        tmp = f'tc qdisc add dev {self._interface} root handle {self._parent}:0 dsmark indices 8 set_tc_index'
+        # # Generalized Random Early Detection
+        handle = self._parent
+        tmp = f'tc qdisc add dev {self._interface} root handle {self._parent}:0 gred setup DPs 8 default 0 grio'
         self._cmd(tmp)
-
-        tmp = f'tc filter add dev {self._interface} parent {self._parent}:0 protocol ip prio 1 tcindex mask 0xe0 shift 5'
-        self._cmd(tmp)
-
-        # Generalized Random Early Detection
-        handle = self._parent +1
-        tmp = f'tc qdisc add dev {self._interface} parent {self._parent}:0 handle {handle}:0 gred setup DPs 8 default 0 grio'
-        self._cmd(tmp)
-
         bandwidth = self._rate_convert(config['bandwidth'])
 
         # set VQ (virtual queue) parameters
         for precedence, precedence_config in config['precedence'].items():
             precedence = int(precedence)
-            avg_pkt = int(precedence_config['average_packet'])
-            limit = int(precedence_config['queue_limit']) * avg_pkt
-            min_val = int(precedence_config['minimum_threshold']) * avg_pkt
-            max_val = int(precedence_config['maximum_threshold']) * avg_pkt
-
-            tmp  = f'tc qdisc change dev {self._interface} handle {handle}:0 gred limit {limit} min {min_val} max {max_val} avpkt {avg_pkt} '
-
-            burst = (2 * int(precedence_config['minimum_threshold']) + int(precedence_config['maximum_threshold'])) // 3
-            probability = 1 / int(precedence_config['mark_probability'])
-            tmp += f'burst {burst} bandwidth {bandwidth} probability {probability} DP {precedence} prio {8 - precedence:x}'
-
+            qparams = self._calc_random_detect_queue_params(
+                avg_pkt=precedence_config.get('average_packet'),
+                max_thr=precedence_config.get('maximum_threshold'),
+                limit=precedence_config.get('queue_limit'),
+                min_thr=precedence_config.get('minimum_threshold'),
+                mark_probability=precedence_config.get('mark_probability'),
+                precedence=precedence
+            )
+            tmp = f'tc qdisc change dev {self._interface} handle {handle}:0 gred limit {qparams["limit"]} min {qparams["min_val"]} max {qparams["max_val"]} avpkt {qparams["avg_pkt"]} '
+            tmp += f'burst {qparams["burst"]} bandwidth {bandwidth} probability {qparams["probability"]} DP {precedence} prio {8 - precedence:x}'
             self._cmd(tmp)
 
         # call base class
         super().update(config, direction)
diff --git a/smoketest/scripts/cli/test_qos.py b/smoketest/scripts/cli/test_qos.py
index fef1ff23a..bcf5139c7 100755
--- a/smoketest/scripts/cli/test_qos.py
+++ b/smoketest/scripts/cli/test_qos.py
@@ -1,741 +1,743 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2022-2023 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
 # published by the Free Software Foundation.
 #
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 import os
 import unittest
 
 from json import loads
 from base_vyostest_shim import VyOSUnitTestSHIM
 
 from vyos.configsession import ConfigSessionError
 from vyos.ifconfig import Section
 from vyos.utils.process import cmd
 
 base_path = ['qos']
 
 def get_tc_qdisc_json(interface) -> dict:
     tmp = cmd(f'tc -detail -json qdisc show dev {interface}')
     tmp = loads(tmp)
     return next(iter(tmp))
 
 def get_tc_filter_json(interface, direction) -> list:
     if direction not in ['ingress', 'egress']:
         raise ValueError()
     tmp = cmd(f'tc -detail -json filter show dev {interface} {direction}')
     tmp = loads(tmp)
     return tmp
 
 def get_tc_filter_details(interface, direction) -> list:
     # json doesn't contain all params, such as mtu
     if direction not in ['ingress', 'egress']:
         raise ValueError()
     tmp = cmd(f'tc -details filter show dev {interface} {direction}')
     return tmp
 
 class TestQoS(VyOSUnitTestSHIM.TestCase):
     @classmethod
     def setUpClass(cls):
         super(TestQoS, cls).setUpClass()
 
         # ensure we can also run this test on a live system - so lets clean
         # out the current configuration :)
         cls.cli_delete(cls, base_path)
 
         # We only test on physical interfaces and not VLAN (sub-)interfaces
         cls._interfaces = []
         if 'TEST_ETH' in os.environ:
             tmp = os.environ['TEST_ETH'].split()
             cls._interfaces = tmp
         else:
             for tmp in Section.interfaces('ethernet', vlan=False):
                 cls._interfaces.append(tmp)
 
     def tearDown(self):
         # delete testing SSH config
         self.cli_delete(base_path)
         self.cli_commit()
 
     def test_01_cake(self):
         bandwidth = 1000000
         rtt = 200
 
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'cake', policy_name, 'bandwidth', str(bandwidth)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'cake', policy_name, 'rtt', str(rtt)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'cake', policy_name, 'flow-isolation', 'dual-src-host'])
 
             bandwidth += 1000000
             rtt += 20
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         bandwidth = 1000000
         rtt = 200
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
 
             self.assertEqual('cake', tmp['kind'])
             # TC store rates as a 32-bit unsigned integer in bps (Bytes per second)
             self.assertEqual(int(bandwidth *125), tmp['options']['bandwidth'])
             # RTT internally is in us
             self.assertEqual(int(rtt *1000), tmp['options']['rtt'])
             self.assertEqual('dual-srchost', tmp['options']['flowmode'])
             self.assertFalse(tmp['options']['ingress'])
             self.assertFalse(tmp['options']['nat'])
             self.assertTrue(tmp['options']['raw'])
 
             bandwidth += 1000000
             rtt += 20
 
     def test_02_drop_tail(self):
         queue_limit = 50
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'drop-tail', policy_name, 'queue-limit', str(queue_limit)])
 
             queue_limit += 10
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         queue_limit = 50
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
 
             self.assertEqual('pfifo', tmp['kind'])
             self.assertEqual(queue_limit, tmp['options']['limit'])
 
             queue_limit += 10
 
     def test_03_fair_queue(self):
         hash_interval = 10
         queue_limit = 5
         policy_type = 'fair-queue'
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'hash-interval', str(hash_interval)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'queue-limit', str(queue_limit)])
 
             hash_interval += 1
             queue_limit += 1
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         hash_interval = 10
         queue_limit = 5
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
 
             self.assertEqual('sfq', tmp['kind'])
             self.assertEqual(hash_interval, tmp['options']['perturb'])
             self.assertEqual(queue_limit, tmp['options']['limit'])
 
             hash_interval += 1
             queue_limit += 1
 
     def test_04_fq_codel(self):
         policy_type = 'fq-codel'
         codel_quantum = 1500
         flows = 512
         interval = 100
         queue_limit = 2048
         target = 5
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'codel-quantum', str(codel_quantum)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'flows', str(flows)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'interval', str(interval)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'queue-limit', str(queue_limit)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'target', str(target)])
 
             codel_quantum += 10
             flows += 2
             interval += 10
             queue_limit += 512
             target += 1
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         codel_quantum = 1500
         flows = 512
         interval = 100
         queue_limit = 2048
         target = 5
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
 
             self.assertEqual('fq_codel', tmp['kind'])
             self.assertEqual(codel_quantum, tmp['options']['quantum'])
             self.assertEqual(flows, tmp['options']['flows'])
             self.assertEqual(queue_limit, tmp['options']['limit'])
 
             # due to internal rounding we need to substract 1 from interval and target after converting to milliseconds
             # configuration of:
             # tc qdisc add dev eth0 root fq_codel quantum 1500 flows 512 interval 100ms limit 2048 target 5ms noecn
             # results in: tc -j qdisc show dev eth0
             # [{"kind":"fq_codel","handle":"8046:","root":true,"refcnt":3,"options":{"limit":2048,"flows":512,
             #   "quantum":1500,"target":4999,"interval":99999,"memory_limit":33554432,"drop_batch":64}}]
             self.assertAlmostEqual(tmp['options']['interval'], interval *1000, delta=1)
             self.assertAlmostEqual(tmp['options']['target'], target *1000 -1, delta=1)
 
             codel_quantum += 10
             flows += 2
             interval += 10
             queue_limit += 512
             target += 1
 
     def test_05_limiter(self):
         qos_config = {
             '1' : {
                 'bandwidth' : '3000000',
                 'exceed' : 'pipe',
                 'burst' : '100Kb',
                 'mtu' : '1600',
                 'not-exceed' : 'continue',
                 'priority': '15',
                 'match4' : {
                     'ssh'   : { 'dport' : '22', },
                     },
                 },
             '2' : {
                 'bandwidth' : '1000000',
                 'match6' : {
                     'ssh'   : { 'dport' : '22', },
                     },
                 },
             }
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
             # set default bandwidth parameter for all remaining connections
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'limiter', policy_name, 'default', 'bandwidth', '500000'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'limiter', policy_name, 'default', 'burst', '200kb'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'limiter', policy_name, 'default', 'exceed', 'drop'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'limiter', policy_name, 'default', 'mtu', '3000'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'limiter', policy_name, 'default', 'not-exceed', 'ok'])
 
             for qos_class, qos_class_config in qos_config.items():
                 qos_class_base = base_path + ['policy', 'limiter', policy_name, 'class', qos_class]
 
                 if 'match4' in qos_class_config:
                     for match, match_config in qos_class_config['match4'].items():
                         if 'dport' in match_config:
                             self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['match', match, 'ip', 'destination', 'port', match_config['dport']])
 
                 if 'match6' in qos_class_config:
                     for match, match_config in qos_class_config['match6'].items():
                         if 'dport' in match_config:
                             self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['match', match, 'ipv6', 'destination', 'port', match_config['dport']])
 
                 if 'bandwidth' in qos_class_config:
                     self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['bandwidth', qos_class_config['bandwidth']])
 
                 if 'exceed' in qos_class_config:
                     self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['exceed', qos_class_config['exceed']])
 
                 if 'not-exceed' in qos_class_config:
                     self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['not-exceed', qos_class_config['not-exceed']])
 
                 if 'burst' in qos_class_config:
                     self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['burst', qos_class_config['burst']])
 
                 if 'mtu' in qos_class_config:
                     self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['mtu', qos_class_config['mtu']])
 
                 if 'priority' in qos_class_config:
                     self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['priority', qos_class_config['priority']])
 
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             for filter in get_tc_filter_json(interface, 'ingress'):
                 # bail out early if filter has no attached action
                 if 'options' not in filter or 'actions' not in filter['options']:
                     continue
 
                 for qos_class, qos_class_config in qos_config.items():
                     # Every flowid starts with ffff and we encopde the class number after the colon
                     if 'flowid' not in filter['options'] or filter['options']['flowid'] != f'ffff:{qos_class}':
                         continue
 
                     ip_hdr_offset = 20
                     if 'match6' in qos_class_config:
                         ip_hdr_offset = 40
 
                     self.assertEqual(ip_hdr_offset, filter['options']['match']['off'])
                     if 'dport' in match_config:
                         dport = int(match_config['dport'])
                         self.assertEqual(f'{dport:x}', filter['options']['match']['value'])
 
             tc_details = get_tc_filter_details(interface, 'ingress')
             self.assertTrue('filter parent ffff: protocol all pref 20 u32 chain 0' in tc_details)
             self.assertTrue('rate 1Gbit burst 15125b mtu 2Kb action drop overhead 0b linklayer ethernet' in tc_details)
             self.assertTrue('filter parent ffff: protocol all pref 15 u32 chain 0' in tc_details)
             self.assertTrue('rate 3Gbit burst 102000b mtu 1600b action pipe/continue overhead 0b linklayer ethernet' in tc_details)
             self.assertTrue('rate 500Mbit burst 204687b mtu 3000b action drop overhead 0b linklayer ethernet' in tc_details)
             self.assertTrue('filter parent ffff: protocol all pref 255 basic chain 0' in tc_details)
 
     def test_06_network_emulator(self):
         policy_type = 'network-emulator'
 
         bandwidth = 1000000
         corruption = 1
         delay = 2
         duplicate = 3
         loss = 4
         queue_limit = 5
         reordering = 6
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'bandwidth', str(bandwidth)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'corruption', str(corruption)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'delay', str(delay)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'duplicate', str(duplicate)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'loss', str(loss)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'queue-limit', str(queue_limit)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', policy_type, policy_name, 'reordering', str(reordering)])
 
             bandwidth += 1000000
             corruption += 1
             delay += 1
             duplicate +=1
             loss += 1
             queue_limit += 1
             reordering += 1
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         bandwidth = 1000000
         corruption = 1
         delay = 2
         duplicate = 3
         loss = 4
         queue_limit = 5
         reordering = 6
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
             self.assertEqual('netem', tmp['kind'])
 
             self.assertEqual(int(bandwidth *125), tmp['options']['rate']['rate'])
             # values are in %
             self.assertEqual(corruption/100, tmp['options']['corrupt']['corrupt'])
             self.assertEqual(duplicate/100, tmp['options']['duplicate']['duplicate'])
             self.assertEqual(loss/100, tmp['options']['loss-random']['loss'])
             self.assertEqual(reordering/100, tmp['options']['reorder']['reorder'])
             self.assertEqual(delay/1000, tmp['options']['delay']['delay'])
 
             self.assertEqual(queue_limit, tmp['options']['limit'])
 
             bandwidth += 1000000
             corruption += 1
             delay += 1
             duplicate += 1
             loss += 1
             queue_limit += 1
             reordering += 1
 
     def test_07_priority_queue(self):
         priorities = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5']
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'priority-queue', policy_name, 'default', 'queue-limit', '10'])
 
             for priority in priorities:
                 prio_base = base_path + ['policy', 'priority-queue', policy_name, 'class', priority]
                 self.cli_set(prio_base + ['match', f'prio-{priority}', 'ip', 'destination', 'port', str(1000 + int(priority))])
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
     def test_08_random_detect(self):
-        self.skipTest('tc returns invalid JSON here - needs iproute2 fix')
         bandwidth = 5000
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'random-detect', policy_name, 'bandwidth', str(bandwidth)])
 
             bandwidth += 1000
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         bandwidth = 5000
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
-            import pprint
-            pprint.pprint(tmp)
+            self.assertTrue('gred' in tmp.get('kind'))
+            self.assertEqual(8, len(tmp.get('options', {}).get('vqs')))
+            self.assertEqual(8, tmp.get('options', {}).get('dp_cnt'))
+            self.assertEqual(0, tmp.get('options', {}).get('dp_default'))
+            self.assertTrue(tmp.get('options', {}).get('grio'))
 
     def test_09_rate_control(self):
         bandwidth = 5000
         burst = 20
         latency = 5
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'rate-control', policy_name, 'bandwidth', str(bandwidth)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'rate-control', policy_name, 'burst', str(burst)])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'rate-control', policy_name, 'latency', str(latency)])
 
             bandwidth += 1000
             burst += 5
             latency += 1
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         bandwidth = 5000
         burst = 20
         latency = 5
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
 
             self.assertEqual('tbf', tmp['kind'])
             self.assertEqual(0, tmp['options']['mpu'])
             # TC store rates as a 32-bit unsigned integer in bps (Bytes per second)
             self.assertEqual(int(bandwidth * 125), tmp['options']['rate'])
 
             bandwidth += 1000
             burst += 5
             latency += 1
 
     def test_10_round_robin(self):
         qos_config = {
             '1' : {
                 'match4' : {
                     'ssh'   : { 'dport' : '22', },
                     },
                 },
             '2' : {
                 'match6' : {
                     'ssh'   : { 'dport' : '22', },
                     },
                 },
             }
 
         first = True
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             policy_name = f'qos-policy-{interface}'
 
             if first:
                 self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 # verify() - selected QoS policy on interface only supports egress
                 with self.assertRaises(ConfigSessionError):
                     self.cli_commit()
                 self.cli_delete(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'ingress', policy_name])
                 first = False
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', policy_name])
 
             for qos_class, qos_class_config in qos_config.items():
                 qos_class_base = base_path + ['policy', 'round-robin', policy_name, 'class', qos_class]
 
                 if 'match4' in qos_class_config:
                     for match, match_config in qos_class_config['match4'].items():
                         if 'dport' in match_config:
                             self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['match', match, 'ip', 'destination', 'port', match_config['dport']])
 
                 if 'match6' in qos_class_config:
                     for match, match_config in qos_class_config['match6'].items():
                         if 'dport' in match_config:
                             self.cli_set(qos_class_base + ['match', match, 'ipv6', 'destination', 'port', match_config['dport']])
 
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             tmp = get_tc_qdisc_json(interface)
             self.assertEqual('drr', tmp['kind'])
 
             for filter in get_tc_filter_json(interface, 'ingress'):
                 # bail out early if filter has no attached action
                 if 'options' not in filter or 'actions' not in filter['options']:
                     continue
 
                 for qos_class, qos_class_config in qos_config.items():
                     # Every flowid starts with ffff and we encopde the class number after the colon
                     if 'flowid' not in filter['options'] or filter['options']['flowid'] != f'ffff:{qos_class}':
                         continue
 
                     ip_hdr_offset = 20
                     if 'match6' in qos_class_config:
                         ip_hdr_offset = 40
 
                     self.assertEqual(ip_hdr_offset, filter['options']['match']['off'])
                     if 'dport' in match_config:
                         dport = int(match_config['dport'])
                         self.assertEqual(f'{dport:x}', filter['options']['match']['value'])
 
     def test_11_shaper(self):
         bandwidth = 250
         default_bandwidth = 20
         default_ceil = 30
         class_bandwidth = 50
         class_ceil = 80
         dst_address = '192.0.2.8/32'
 
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             shaper_name = f'qos-shaper-{interface}'
 
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', shaper_name])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'bandwidth', f'{bandwidth}mbit'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'bandwidth', f'{default_bandwidth}mbit'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'ceiling', f'{default_ceil}mbit'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'queue-type', 'fair-queue'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '23', 'bandwidth', f'{class_bandwidth}mbit'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '23', 'ceiling', f'{class_ceil}mbit'])
             self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '23', 'match', '10', 'ip', 'destination', 'address', dst_address])
 
             bandwidth += 1
             default_bandwidth += 1
             default_ceil += 1
             class_bandwidth += 1
             class_ceil += 1
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         bandwidth = 250
         default_bandwidth = 20
         default_ceil = 30
         class_bandwidth = 50
         class_ceil = 80
 
         for interface in self._interfaces:
             config_entries = (
                 f'root rate {bandwidth}Mbit ceil {bandwidth}Mbit',
                 f'prio 0 rate {class_bandwidth}Mbit ceil {class_ceil}Mbit',
                 f'prio 7 rate {default_bandwidth}Mbit ceil {default_ceil}Mbit'
             )
 
             output = cmd(f'tc class show dev {interface}')
 
             for config_entry in config_entries:
                 self.assertIn(config_entry, output)
 
             bandwidth += 1
             default_bandwidth += 1
             default_ceil += 1
             class_bandwidth += 1
             class_ceil += 1
 
     def test_12_shaper_with_red_queue(self):
         bandwidth = 100
         default_bandwidth = 100
         default_burst = 100
         interface = self._interfaces[0]
         class_bandwidth = 50
         dst_address = '192.0.2.8/32'
 
         shaper_name = f'qos-shaper-{interface}'
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', shaper_name])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'bandwidth', f'{bandwidth}mbit'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'bandwidth', f'{default_bandwidth}%'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'burst', f'{default_burst}'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'queue-type', 'random-detect'])
 
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'bandwidth', f'{class_bandwidth}mbit'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'match', '10', 'ip', 'destination', 'address', dst_address])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'queue-type', 'random-detect'])
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
 
         # check root htb config
         output = cmd(f'tc class show dev {interface}')
 
         config_entries = (
             f'prio 0 rate {class_bandwidth}Mbit ceil 50Mbit burst 15Kb',  # specified class
             f'prio 7 rate {default_bandwidth}Mbit ceil 100Mbit burst {default_burst}b',  # default class
         )
         for config_entry in config_entries:
             self.assertIn(config_entry, output)
 
         output = cmd(f'tc -d qdisc show dev {interface}')
         config_entries = (
             'qdisc red',  # use random detect
             'limit 72Kb min 9Kb max 18Kb ewma 3 probability 0.1',  # default config for random detect
         )
         for config_entry in config_entries:
             self.assertIn(config_entry, output)
 
         # test random detect queue params
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'queue-limit', '1024'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'average-packet', '1024'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'maximum-threshold', '32'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'minimum-threshold', '16'])
 
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'queue-limit', '1024'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'average-packet', '512'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'maximum-threshold', '32'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'minimum-threshold', '16'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '2', 'mark-probability', '20'])
 
         self.cli_commit()
 
         output = cmd(f'tc -d qdisc show dev {interface}')
         config_entries = (
             'qdisc red',  # use random detect
             'limit 1Mb min 16Kb max 32Kb ewma 3 probability 0.1',  # default config for random detect
             'limit 512Kb min 8Kb max 16Kb ewma 3 probability 0.05',  # class config for random detect
         )
         for config_entry in config_entries:
             self.assertIn(config_entry, output)
 
     def test_13_shaper_delete_only_rule(self):
         default_bandwidth = 100
         default_burst = 100
         interface = self._interfaces[0]
         class_bandwidth = 50
         class_ceiling = 5
         src_address = '10.1.1.0/24'
 
         shaper_name = f'qos-shaper-{interface}'
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['interface', interface, 'egress', shaper_name])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'bandwidth', f'10mbit'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'bandwidth', f'{default_bandwidth}mbit'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'default', 'burst', f'{default_burst}'])
 
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'bandwidth', f'{class_bandwidth}mbit'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'ceiling', f'{class_ceiling}mbit'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'match', 'ADDRESS30', 'ip', 'source', 'address', src_address])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'match', 'ADDRESS30', 'description', 'smoketest'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'priority', '5'])
         self.cli_set(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'queue-type', 'fair-queue'])
 
         # commit changes
         self.cli_commit()
         # check root htb config
         output = cmd(f'tc class show dev {interface}')
 
         config_entries = (
             f'prio 5 rate {class_bandwidth}Mbit ceil {class_ceiling}Mbit burst 15Kb',  # specified class
             f'prio 7 rate {default_bandwidth}Mbit ceil 100Mbit burst {default_burst}b',  # default class
         )
         for config_entry in config_entries:
             self.assertIn(config_entry, output)
 
         self.assertTrue('' != cmd(f'tc filter show dev {interface}'))
         # self.cli_delete(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'match', 'ADDRESS30'])
         self.cli_delete(base_path + ['policy', 'shaper', shaper_name, 'class', '30', 'match', 'ADDRESS30', 'ip', 'source', 'address', src_address])
         self.cli_commit()
         self.assertEqual('', cmd(f'tc filter show dev {interface}'))
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/src/conf_mode/qos.py b/src/conf_mode/qos.py
index ccfc8f6b8..8a590cbc6 100755
--- a/src/conf_mode/qos.py
+++ b/src/conf_mode/qos.py
@@ -1,264 +1,265 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2023-2024 VyOS maintainers and contributors
 #
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or later as
 # published by the Free Software Foundation.
 #
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 from sys import exit
 from netifaces import interfaces
 
 from vyos.config import Config
 from vyos.configdep import set_dependents
 from vyos.configdep import call_dependents
 from vyos.configdict import dict_merge
 from vyos.configverify import verify_interface_exists
 from vyos.ifconfig import Section
 from vyos.qos import CAKE
 from vyos.qos import DropTail
 from vyos.qos import FairQueue
 from vyos.qos import FQCodel
 from vyos.qos import Limiter
 from vyos.qos import NetEm
 from vyos.qos import Priority
 from vyos.qos import RandomDetect
 from vyos.qos import RateLimiter
 from vyos.qos import RoundRobin
 from vyos.qos import TrafficShaper
 from vyos.qos import TrafficShaperHFSC
 from vyos.utils.dict import dict_search_recursive
 from vyos.utils.process import run
 from vyos import ConfigError
 from vyos import airbag
+from vyos.xml_ref import relative_defaults
+
+
 airbag.enable()
 
 map_vyops_tc = {
     'cake'             : CAKE,
     'drop_tail'        : DropTail,
     'fair_queue'       : FairQueue,
     'fq_codel'         : FQCodel,
     'limiter'          : Limiter,
     'network_emulator' : NetEm,
     'priority_queue'   : Priority,
     'random_detect'    : RandomDetect,
     'rate_control'     : RateLimiter,
     'round_robin'      : RoundRobin,
     'shaper'           : TrafficShaper,
     'shaper_hfsc'      : TrafficShaperHFSC,
 }
 
 def get_shaper(qos, interface_config, direction):
     policy_name = interface_config[direction]
     # An interface might have a QoS configuration, search the used
     # configuration referenced by this. Path will hold the dict element
     # referenced by the config, as this will be of sort:
     #
     # ['policy', 'drop_tail', 'foo-dtail'] <- we are only interested in
     # drop_tail as the policy/shaper type
     _, path = next(dict_search_recursive(qos, policy_name))
     shaper_type = path[1]
     shaper_config = qos['policy'][shaper_type][policy_name]
 
     return (map_vyops_tc[shaper_type], shaper_config)
 
 
 def _clean_conf_dict(conf):
     """
     Delete empty nodes from config e.g.
         match ADDRESS30 {
             ip {
                 source {}
             }
         }
     """
     if isinstance(conf, dict):
         return {node: _clean_conf_dict(val) for node, val in conf.items() if val != {} and _clean_conf_dict(val) != {}}
     else:
         return conf
 
 
 def get_config(config=None):
     if config:
         conf = config
     else:
         conf = Config()
     base = ['qos']
     if not conf.exists(base):
         return None
 
     qos = conf.get_config_dict(base, key_mangling=('-', '_'),
                                get_first_key=True,
                                no_tag_node_value_mangle=True)
 
     for ifname in interfaces():
         if_node = Section.get_config_path(ifname)
 
         if not if_node:
             continue
 
         path = f'interfaces {if_node}'
         if conf.exists(f'{path} mirror') or conf.exists(f'{path} redirect'):
             type_node = path.split(" ")[1] # return only interface type node
             set_dependents(type_node, conf, ifname.split(".")[0])
 
     for policy in qos.get('policy', []):
         if policy in ['random_detect']:
             for rd_name in list(qos['policy'][policy]):
                 # There are eight precedence levels - ensure all are present
                 # to be filled later down with the appropriate default values
-                default_precedence = {'precedence' : { '0' : {}, '1' : {}, '2' : {}, '3' : {},
-                                                       '4' : {}, '5' : {}, '6' : {}, '7' : {} }}
+                default_p_val = relative_defaults(
+                    ['qos', 'policy', 'random-detect', rd_name, 'precedence'],
+                    {'precedence': {'0': {}}},
+                    get_first_key=True, recursive=True
+                )['0']
+                default_p_val = {key.replace('-', '_'): value for key, value in default_p_val.items()}
+                default_precedence = {
+                    'precedence': {'0': default_p_val, '1': default_p_val,
+                                   '2': default_p_val, '3': default_p_val,
+                                   '4': default_p_val, '5': default_p_val,
+                                   '6': default_p_val, '7': default_p_val}}
+
                 qos['policy']['random_detect'][rd_name] = dict_merge(
                     default_precedence, qos['policy']['random_detect'][rd_name])
 
     qos = conf.merge_defaults(qos, recursive=True)
 
     for policy in qos.get('policy', []):
         for p_name, p_config in qos['policy'][policy].items():
-            if 'precedence' in p_config:
-                # precedence settings are a bit more complex as they are
-                # calculated under specific circumstances:
-                for precedence in p_config['precedence']:
-                    max_thr = int(qos['policy'][policy][p_name]['precedence'][precedence]['maximum_threshold'])
-                    if 'minimum_threshold' not in qos['policy'][policy][p_name]['precedence'][precedence]:
-                        qos['policy'][policy][p_name]['precedence'][precedence]['minimum_threshold'] = str(
-                            int((9 + int(precedence)) * max_thr) // 18);
-
-                    if 'queue_limit' not in qos['policy'][policy][p_name]['precedence'][precedence]:
-                        qos['policy'][policy][p_name]['precedence'][precedence]['queue_limit'] = \
-                            str(int(4 * max_thr))
             # cleanup empty match config
             if 'class' in p_config:
                 for cls, cls_config in p_config['class'].items():
                     if 'match' in cls_config:
                         cls_config['match'] = _clean_conf_dict(cls_config['match'])
                         if cls_config['match'] == {}:
                             del cls_config['match']
 
     return qos
 
 def verify(qos):
     if not qos or 'interface' not in qos:
         return None
 
     # network policy emulator
     # reorder rerquires delay to be set
     if 'policy' in qos:
         for policy_type in qos['policy']:
             for policy, policy_config in qos['policy'][policy_type].items():
                 # a policy with it's given name is only allowed to exist once
                 # on the system. This is because an interface selects a policy
                 # for ingress/egress traffic, and thus there can only be one
                 # policy with a given name.
                 #
                 # We check if the policy name occurs more then once - error out
                 # if this is true
                 counter = 0
                 for _, path in dict_search_recursive(qos['policy'], policy):
                     counter += 1
                     if counter > 1:
                         raise ConfigError(f'Conflicting policy name "{policy}", already in use!')
 
                 if 'class' in policy_config:
                     for cls, cls_config in policy_config['class'].items():
                         # bandwidth is not mandatory for priority-queue - that is why this is on the exception list
                         if 'bandwidth' not in cls_config and policy_type not in ['priority_queue', 'round_robin', 'shaper_hfsc']:
                             raise ConfigError(f'Bandwidth must be defined for policy "{policy}" class "{cls}"!')
                     if 'match' in cls_config:
                         for match, match_config in cls_config['match'].items():
                             if {'ip', 'ipv6'} <= set(match_config):
                                  raise ConfigError(f'Can not use both IPv6 and IPv4 in one match ({match})!')
 
                 if policy_type in ['random_detect']:
                     if 'precedence' in policy_config:
                         for precedence, precedence_config in policy_config['precedence'].items():
                             max_tr = int(precedence_config['maximum_threshold'])
                             if {'maximum_threshold', 'minimum_threshold'} <= set(precedence_config):
                                 min_tr = int(precedence_config['minimum_threshold'])
                                 if min_tr >= max_tr:
                                     raise ConfigError(f'Policy "{policy}" uses min-threshold "{min_tr}" >= max-threshold "{max_tr}"!')
 
                             if {'maximum_threshold', 'queue_limit'} <= set(precedence_config):
                                 queue_lim = int(precedence_config['queue_limit'])
                                 if queue_lim < max_tr:
                                     raise ConfigError(f'Policy "{policy}" uses queue-limit "{queue_lim}" < max-threshold "{max_tr}"!')
                 if policy_type in ['priority_queue']:
                     if 'default' not in policy_config:
                         raise ConfigError(f'Policy {policy} misses "default" class!')
                 if 'default' in policy_config:
                     if 'bandwidth' not in policy_config['default'] and policy_type not in ['priority_queue', 'round_robin', 'shaper_hfsc']:
                         raise ConfigError('Bandwidth not defined for default traffic!')
 
     # we should check interface ingress/egress configuration after verifying that
     # the policy name is used only once - this makes the logic easier!
     for interface, interface_config in qos['interface'].items():
         for direction in ['egress', 'ingress']:
             # bail out early if shaper for given direction is not used at all
             if direction not in interface_config:
                 continue
 
             policy_name = interface_config[direction]
             if 'policy' not in qos or list(dict_search_recursive(qos['policy'], policy_name)) == []:
                 raise ConfigError(f'Selected QoS policy "{policy_name}" does not exist!')
 
             shaper_type, shaper_config = get_shaper(qos, interface_config, direction)
             tmp = shaper_type(interface).get_direction()
             if direction not in tmp:
                 raise ConfigError(f'Selected QoS policy on interface "{interface}" only supports "{tmp}"!')
 
     return None
 
 def generate(qos):
     if not qos or 'interface' not in qos:
         return None
 
     return None
 
 def apply(qos):
     # Always delete "old" shapers first
     for interface in interfaces():
         # Ignore errors (may have no qdisc)
         run(f'tc qdisc del dev {interface} parent ffff:')
         run(f'tc qdisc del dev {interface} root')
 
     call_dependents()
 
     if not qos or 'interface' not in qos:
         return None
 
     for interface, interface_config in qos['interface'].items():
         if not verify_interface_exists(interface, warning_only=True):
             # When shaper is bound to a dialup (e.g. PPPoE) interface it is
             # possible that it is yet not availbale when to QoS code runs.
             # Skip the configuration and inform the user via warning_only=True
             continue
 
         for direction in ['egress', 'ingress']:
             # bail out early if shaper for given direction is not used at all
             if direction not in interface_config:
                 continue
 
             shaper_type, shaper_config = get_shaper(qos, interface_config, direction)
             tmp = shaper_type(interface)
             tmp.update(shaper_config, direction)
 
     return None
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     try:
         c = get_config()
         verify(c)
         generate(c)
         apply(c)
     except ConfigError as e:
         print(e)
         exit(1)